In Years 3 and 4, the focus shifts to building independence as a researcher, especially through developing and presenting an original research idea. Students work on the Original Research Proposal (ORP), which is designed to strengthen skills like analyzing scientific literature, forming new research questions, and clearly communicating ideas in both writing and presentations.

During Year 3, students explore potential topics by creating several short “quad chart” proposals that outline possible research directions. These are reviewed by their committee, and three are selected and approved, along with a brief update on the student’s current research progress.

In Year 4, one of those ideas is developed into a full, detailed research proposal. Students then present and defend their proposal to their committee, similar to the qualifying exam, while also providing an update on their ongoing research.